Example: An effect that reads “Wild Mongrel gets +1/+1 and becomes the color of your choice until end of turn” is both a power– and toughness-changing effect and an “other” kind of effect. The “becomes the color of your choice” part is applied in layer 5, and then the “gets +1/+1” part is applied in layer 6.

Example: Grab the Reins has an effect that reads “Until end of turn, you gain control of target creature and it gains haste.” This is both a control-changing effect and an “other” effect. The “you gain control” part is applied in layer 2, and then the “it gains haste” part is applied in layer 5.

Example: An effect that reads “All noncreature artifacts become 2/2 artifact creatures until end of turn” is both a type-changing effect and a power– and toughness-setting effect. The type-changing effect is applied to all noncreature artifacts in layer 4 and the power– and toughness-setting effect is applied to those same permanents in layer 6, even though those permanents aren’t noncreature artifacts by then.

418.5c An effect is said to “depend on” another if (a) it’s applied in the same layer (and, if applicable, sublayer) as the other effect (see rule 418.5a) and (b) applying the other would change the text or the existence of the first effect, what it applies to, or what it does to any of the things it applies to. Otherwise, the effect is considered to be independent of the other effect.

418.5d An effect dependent on one or more other effects waits to apply until just after all of those effects have been applied, even if this causes a characteristic-setting ability to apply after another effect. If multiple dependent effects would apply simultaneously in this way, they’re applied in “timestamp order” relative to each other. If several dependent effects form a dependency loop, then this rule is ignored and the effects in the dependency loop are applied in timestamp order.

418.5e An object’s timestamp is the time it entered the zone it’s currently in, with three exceptions: (a) If two or more objects enter a zone (or zones) simultaneously, the active player determines their timestamp order at the time they enter that zone. (b) Whenever an Aura or Equipment becomes attached to a permanent, the Aura or Equipment receives a new timestamp. (c) Permanents that phase in keep the same timestamps they had when they phased out.

418.5f A continuous effect generated by a static ability has the same timestamp as the object the static ability is on, or the timestamp of the effect that created the ability, whichever is later.

418.5g A continuous effect generated by the resolution of a spell or ability receives a timestamp at the time it’s created.

418.5h One continuous effect can override another. Sometimes the results of one effect determine whether another effect applies or what another effect does.

Example: Two Auras are played on the same creature: “Enchanted creature gains flying” and “Enchanted creature loses flying.” Neither of these depends on the other, since nothing changes what they affect or what they’re doing to it. Applying them in timestamp order means the one that was generated last “wins.” It’s irrelevant whether an effect is temporary (such as “Target creature loses flying until end of turn”) or global (such as “All creatures lose flying”).

Example: One effect reads, “White creatures get +1/+1,” and another, “Enchanted creature is white.” The enchanted creature gets +1/+1 from the first effect, regardless of its previous color.

418.5i Some effects switch a creature’s power and toughness. When they’re applied, they take the value of power and apply it to the object’s toughness, and take the object’s toughness and apply it to the object’s power. These effects are applied after all other effects that affect power and toughness. (See rule 418.5a.)

Example: A 1/3 creature is given +0/+1 by an effect. Then another effect switches the creature’s power and toughness. Its new power and toughness is 4/1. A new effect gives the creature +5/+0. Its “unswitched” power and toughness would be 6/4, so its actual power and toughness is 4/6.

Example: A 1/3 creature is given +0/+1 by an effect. Then another effect switches the creature’s power and toughness. Its new power and toughness is 4/1. If the +0/+1 effect ends before the switch effect ends, the creature becomes a 3/1.

418.6. Text-Changing Effects

418.6a An effect that changes the text of an object changes only those words that are used in the correct way (for example, a Magic color word being used as a color word, a land type word used as a land type, or a creature type word used as a creature type). The effect can’t change a proper noun, such as a card name, even if that proper noun contains a word or a series of letters that is the same as a Magic color word, basic land type, or creature type.

418.6b Effects that add or remove abilities don’t change the text of the objects they affect, so any abilities that are granted to an object can’t be changed by effects that change the text of that object.

418.6c Spells and abilities that create creature tokens use creature types to define both the creature types and the names of the tokens. These words can be changed, because they are being used as creature types, even though they’re also being used as names.

418.6d A creature token’s creature type and rules text are defined by the spell or ability that created the token. These characteristics can be changed by text-changing effects.

419.1. Replacement and prevention effects are continuous effects that watch for a particular event to happen and then completely or partially replace that event. These effects act like “shields” around whatever they’re affecting.

419.1a Effects that use the word “instead” are replacement effects. Most replacement effects use the word “instead” to indicate what events will be replaced with other events and use the word “skip” to indicate what events, steps, phases, or turns will be replaced with nothing.

419.1b Effects that read “[This permanent] comes into play with . . . ,” “As [this permanent] comes into play . . . ,” or “[This permanent] comes into play as . . . ” are replacement effects.

419.1c Continuous effects that read “[This permanent] comes into play . . .” or “[Objects] come into play . . .” are replacement effects.

419.1d Effects that use the word “prevent” are prevention effects. Prevention effects use “prevent” to indicate what events will not occur.

419.1e Effects that read “As [this permanent] is turned face up . . . ,” are replacement effects.

419.2. Replacement and prevention effects apply continuously as events happen-they aren’t locked in ahead of time.

419.3. There are no special restrictions on playing a spell or ability that generates a replacement or prevention effect. Such effects last until they’re used up or their duration has expired.