I would also like to thank my parents-in-law, General and Prof. Peru, for the use of their houses in Sardinia, and lastly my wife, Mariantonietta, and my son, Burton, without whom this book would not have been possible.

MICHAEL ASHER

Frazione Agnata, Sardinia, and Nairobi, Kenya

NOTES ON THE TEXT

Key

Brown Letters

The Letters of T. E. Lawrence, ed. Malcolm Brown, Oxford, 1991

Garnett Letters

The Letters of T. E. Lawrence, ed. David Garnett, London, 1938

HL

The Home Letters of T. E. Lawrence and His Brothers, ed. M. R. Lawrence, Oxford, 1954

MS. Res.

Reserve Manuscripts Collection: Bodleian Library, Oxford

SPW, Oxford text

The Seven Pillars of Wisdom, Oxford text (limited edn), London, 1926

SPW, 1935

T. E. Lawrence, The Seven Pillars of Wisdom, London, 1935

LH

T. E. Lawrence to His Biographer Liddell Hart, London, 1938

RG

T. E. Lawrence to His Biographer Robert Graves, London, 1938

Friends

A. W. Lawrence (ed.), T. E. Lawrence by His Friends, London, 1938

Leeds Letters

T. E. Lawrence, Letters to E. T. Leeds, ed. J. Wilson, London, 1988

Wilson

Jeremy Wilson, Lawrence of Arabia. The Authorised Biography of T. E. Lawrence, London, 1989

Mack, Prince

John Mack: A Prince of Our Disorder “ the Life of T. E. Lawrence, London, 1976

Introduction: The Valley of the Moon

1. SPW, 1935, p. 363.

1. Apparent Queen Unveiled Her Peerless Light

1. Celandine Kennington, MS. Res., c. 228.

2. Franзois Bedarida, A Social History of England, London, 1979, p. 162.

3. RG.

4. John Betjeman, Victorian and Edwardian Oxford, Oxford, 1971.

5. Celandine Kennington, MS. Res., c. 228.

6. ibid.

7. ibid.

8. ibid.

9. Mack, Prince.

10. Celandine Kennington, MS. Res., c. 228.

11. Brown Letters, p. 325.

12. ibid., p. 326.

13. Mack, Prince, p. 7.

14. MS. Res., c. 228.

15. Proverbs 13:12.

16. Marten Schild,’ The Immaculate Hero and His Imperfect Shadow’, unpublished MS: I am most grateful to Marten Schild for the inspiration of several of the ideas on this page.

17. MS. Res., c. 228.

18. British Library, Add. MSS. 45903, Charlotte Shaw Letters.

19. ibid.

20. Mack, Prince.

21. MS. Res., c. 228.

22. British Library, Add. MSS. 45903, Charlotte Shaw Letters.

23. SPW, 1935, p. 446.

24. See Arnie Lawrence in a letter to Miss Early, 17 December 1963. ‘TE had a more than customary fear of pain … nor was he a natural hero or naturally brave.’ MS. Res., b. 56.

25. Friends, p. 37.

26. ibid.

27. British Library, Add. MSS. 45903, Charlotte Shaw Letters.

28. Friends, p. 31.

29. Sir Harold Nicolson, MS. Res., 55/2.

30. SPW, Oxford text, 1926, p. 262.

31. MS. Res., 55/2.

32. SPW, 1935, p. 584.

2. Dominus Illuminatio Mea

1. Jan Morris, Oxford, Oxford, 1978, p. 30.

2. SPW, Oxford text, 1926.

3. LH, p. 79.

4. T. E. Lawrence, The Mint, London (1936), 1973, p. 175.

5. Friends, p. 314.

6. Bedarida, Social History of England, p. 72.

7. HL, p. 35.

8. Garnett Letters, p. 78.

9. LH.

10. Friends, p. 591.

11. Lawrence James, The Golden Warrior: The Life and Legend of Lawrence of Arabia, London, 1995.

12. MS. Res., p. 56.

13. RG.

14. Clare Sydney Smith, The Golden Reign. The Story of My Friendship with Lawrence of Arabia, London, 1940, p. 8.

15. ibid., p. 37.

16. Friends, p. 53.

17. SPW, 1935, p. 57.

18. Mack, Prince, p. 21.

19. MS. Res., 55/2.

20. Friends, p. 62.

21. Friends, p. 31.

22. A. W. Lawrence, letter to Jim Ede, 1937.

23. Brown Letters, p. 305.

3. Nothing Which Qualified Him to be an Ordinary Member of Society

1. SPW, 1935, p. 581.

2. Brown Letters, p. 67.

3. ibid., p. 45.

4. HL, p. 198.

5. Suleiman Mousa, T. E. Lawrence: An Arab View, London, 1966, p. 78.

6. SPW, 1935, p. 569.

7. Ronald Storrs, Daily Telegraph, in MS. Res. 55/2.

8. Garnett Letters, p. 553.

9. ibid.

10. Friends, p. 246.

11. Harold Orlans (ed.), Lawrence of Arabia – the Literary Criticism and Correspondence of T. E. Lawrence, London, 1993, pp. 29–30.

12. HL, p. 18.

13. Lawrence, The Mint, p. 102.

14. HL, p. 31.

15. Orlans, Lawrence of Arabia, p. 32.

16. HL, p. 24.

17. ibid., p. 52.

18. Wilson, Authorised, p. 143.

19. ibid.

20. Vyvyan Richards, Portrait of T. E. Lawrence, The Lawrence of the Seven Pillars of Wisdom, London, 1936, p. 21.

21. ibid.

22. SPW, 1935, p. 547.

23. Brown Letters, p. 36.

24. ibid., p. 33.

25. Friends, p. 588.

26. Brown Letters, p. 29.

27. Richards, A Portrait of T. E. Lawrence.

28. Orlans, Lawrence of Arabia, p. 239.

29. Richards, A Portrait of T. E. Lawrence, p. 45.

30. Friends, p. 48.

31. HL, p. 61.

4. The Sultan Drank Tea as Usual

1. HL, p. 62.

2. Randall Baker, King Hussain and the Kingdom of the Hejaz, Cambridge, 1979, p. 10.

5. A Rather Remarkable Young Man

1. Friends, p. 55.

2. HL, p. 81.

3. ibid.

4. SPW, 1935, p. 36.

5. Brown Letters, p. 325.

6. ibid., p. 305.

7. Lawrence, The Mint.

8. Mack, Prince, p. 69.

9. George Lloyd, Blackwood’s Magazine.

10. Wilson, Authorised, p. 53.

11. RG, p. 67.

12. HL, p. 31.

13. Philip Knightley and Colin Simpson, The Secret Lives of Lawrence of Arabia, London, 1969, p. 20.

14. Brown Letters, p. 359.

15. ibid., p. 531.

16. Garnett Letters, p. 62.

17. HL, p. 98.

18. Garnett Letters, p. 63.

19. HL, p. 74.

20. ibid.

21. ibid., p. 97.

22. ibid.

23. ibid., p. 103.

24. ibid.

25. ibid., p. 104.

26. T. E. Lawrence, Crusader Castles, London, 1936, p. 95.

27. HL, p. 106.

28. ibid.

29. Friends, p. 77.

30. ibid.

31. Leeds Letters, p. 8.

6. Mr Hogarth is Going Digging

1. Mack, Prince, p. 66.

2. After the war, Lawrence gave a sum of money to Janet Laurie – this was part of Will’s inheritance from his father, which Lawrence received after Will’s death. This money would have come to Janet had she married Will, that is, if he had not been killed in the war, so Lawrence considered it rightfully hers. This gift was a sign of generosity and a sense of duty, but not evidence of personal attraction.

3. Brown Letters, p. 117.

4. HL, p. 208.

5. Leeds Letters, p. 10.