Bactria, A, E, 6, 30–2, 44, 88, 155, 162

Barsine, 9, 71, 89, 131

Berenice, 194, 200

Berossus, 36

Bierce, Ambrose, 125

Bithynia, A, C, 27, 109, 155, 172, 208, 209, 211

bitumen, I, 84, 123

Bodyguards, of kings, 5, 16–17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 28, 31, 67, 95, 105, 146

Boeotia, B, 4, 37, 38, 40, 92, 115, 119, 133, 150, 177, 186, 187

Bosporus, C, 83

Britain, 34, 104, 141, 163

Bucephalas, 88

Byzantium, C, 51, 82, 92, 93, 94, 120, 211

Callatis, C, 119

Callias, 194

Cappadocia, A, C, 27–8, 38, 43–4, 47, 58, 59, 67, 71–2, 74, 108–9, 153–4, 172, 209

Caria, A, C, 58, 67, 70, 83, 115, 116–18, 131, 179, 195, 203

Carney, Elizabeth, 29

Carthage, I, 11, 67, 133

Cassander, 3, 13, 26, 50, 68, 71, 73–6, 81–5, 88–94, 98, 102, 108–9, 113–25, 128–36, 140–4, 150–3, 173, 177–9, 184, 185, 186, 190, 206, 209

Cassandreia, B, 91–2, 193, 203, 208–10

cavalry, 4, 17, 23–4, 25, 27, 39, 48–9, 59–63, 72, 95–7, 99–101, 105, 118, 121–2, 126, 150, 154, 160, 174, 193

Celaenae, C, 74, 118, 153, 157

Celts, 209–10

Chaeronea, battle of, B, 4

Chalcedon, C, 153

Chalcis, B, 186

Chandragupta, 103–4, 127, 152, 155, 206

Chersonese, Thracian, C, 134, 175, 198

China, xi, 31

Chios, C, 208

Cilicia, A, C, D, 2, 5, 10, 11, 18, 26, 28, 38–9, 41, 44, 58–9, 64, 66, 68, 74, 75, 93–4, 105, 108, 111, 121, 128, 141, 172, 175, 177–9, 196

cities, Greek, freedom of, 4, 8–9, 12–13, 37, 39, 41, 45, 52, 76–81, 85, 109, 111, 113–14, 118, 120, 125, 128, 132, 133, 134–5, 145, 147, 149, 183, 189, 199, 202, 204

Cius, C, 74, 82

Cleitus, 18, 38–9, 58–9, 67, 74, 82–3, 84

Cleomenes, 14, 27, 44–5

Cleopatra, 5, 38, 45–8, 58, 70, 131, 132–4

Cleopatra VII of Egypt, 164, 211

coinage, 34, 49, 50–1, 87, 130, 166–8, 178, 199, 201, 205, 210

Companions, seeFriends

Coprates river, battle of, E, 97

Corcyra, B, 188

Corinth, B, 33, 115–16, 119, 133, 135, 141, 150–1, 175, 186, 194, 211;

see also

Acrocorinth

League of, 4–5, 12, 18, 41, 133, 151, 173

Corupedium, battle of, 203, 208

Cos, C, 112, 131–2

Crannon, battle of, B, 40

Craterus, 3, 10, 13, 17–19, 22, 24–6, 28, 37–44, 47–8, 50, 58–60, 65–8, 70, 73

Crates, 53

Cratesipolis, 116, 119–20, 133

Cretopolis, C, 72

Cyclades, 109, 113, 125, 132, 174, 189, 194

Cyinda, 10, 68, 75, 94, 177–8

Cynicism, 53, 181

Cynnane, 46–7, 91, 134

Cyprus, A, C, D, 59, 65–6, 110, 112, 113, 114, 116, 121, 124, 131, 140–4, 146, 147, 161, 174–5, 177, 179, 180, 186–7, 211

Cyrenaica, I, 45, 49, 67, 114, 121, 124, 133, 161, 211

Cyzicus, C, 74

Danube river, A, C, 6, 187, 197

Darius III of Persia, 5–6, 50

Deidameia, 151, 175, 184–5

Delos, B, 109, 175, 203

Delphi, B, 32–3, 50, 173, 188

Demeter, 188, 191, 206

Demetrias, B, 186

Demetrius of Phalerum, 84–6, 134–6, 138, 141, 149, 192

Demetrius Poliorcetes, xii, 67, 84, 99, 105, 106, 108, 117–18, 121–2, 125–6, 128, 131–2, 134–6, 140–54, 171–5, 177–80, 182–90, 193–6, 201, 203, 204, 206, 207

Demosthenes, 40, 76

Dicaearchus, 34

Didyma, C, 83, 112, 144

Diogenes, 53

Dionysius I of Syracuse, 204

Dionysus, 8, 150, 183, 192, 206

Guild of, 33

Dium, B, 185

Dorylaeum, C, 153

Dromichaetes, 187

Ecbatana, E, I, 6, 97, 102–5

education, 35–6, 55, 165, 175, 180–2

Egypt, A, D, ix-xi, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 27, 33–4, 44–5, 48–50, 58–60, 64–8, 70, 102, 105, 107, 112, 114, 116, 121–4, 126, 131–3, 135, 136–9, 140–2, 144, 145, 146–7, 149, 154, 173, 189, 192, 194, 199, 200–1, 206–7, 208, 209, 210–11

adminstration of, 155–70

elephants, 24, 25, 48, 60–3, 64, 82, 95, 97, 98–102, 118, 121–2, 143, 146, 152, 154, 202, 205

Eleusis, B, 191

Eleutherus river, D, 174

Elis, B, 120

empire, Persian (Achaemenid), xi, 5–7, 10, 32, 67, 98, 102, 105–6, 111, 156, 166, 168, 198, 206

Roman, 156, 211

Ephesus, C, I, 74, 78–9, 153, 173, 174–5, 194, 203

Epicurus, Epicureanism, 53, 180–1

Epirus, Epirotes, A, B, 2, 37, 45, 75, 88, 90, 120, 131, 135, 151, 184–5, 187, 199–200

escapism, 86–7, 173, 182

Euboea, B, 119–20, 128, 174

Euhemerus, 34, 206

Eumenes, 4, 11, 17, 21, 23–4, 27, 38, 43–7, 50, 58–60, 62, 64–5, 67–72, 74–6, 83, 93–103, 105, 108, 110

Euphrates river, A, E, 7, 105, 108, 126, 156, 175–6

Euripides, 87, 138

Eurydice, w. of Philip III, seeAdea

Eurydice, w. of Ptolemy I, 41, 67, 194, 200

Exiles Decree, 12–13, 36–7, 40, 81, 180

farming, 23, 36, 77–9, 81, 111, 157, 159–63, 165, 167, 168, 169, 176, 202, 203

Fayyum, D, 160, 162, 168

Fetters of Greece, 186, 199

Fortune, 50, 78, 190–2, 196

foundations, seesettlements

Friends, 9, 13–14, 17, 19–23, 35, 103, 146, 157–8, 159, 169, 193

Gabene, battle of, E, 99–100, 102, 105

Galatia, 209

Games, 49, 203

Nemean, 115

Olympic, 188, 203

Pythian, 188

Gandaris, A, E, 104

garrisons, 13, 18, 30–2, 40–1, 45, 70, 74, 75–8, 82, 85, 94, 96, 103, 105, 110–11, 113–14, 118, 119, 122, 123, 125, 128, 133, 135, 140–2, 150–1, 154, 161, 173, 174, 175, 183, 189, 194–5, 198, 206, 207

Gaugamela, battle of, E, 6, 7, 101

Gaza, D, I, 110–11, 123, 146

battle of, 121–2, 124, 142, 165

Gedrosia, A, E, 104

Getae, A, 185, 187, 197–8

grain, I, 34, 37, 39, 62, 77, 79, 111–12, 116, 135, 141, 146, 147, 157, 161, 167, 179, 183, 188, 198

Granicus river, battle of, C, 5

Great Gods, the, 191

Greece, A, B, 2, 4, 6, 13, 32, 37–41, 43–5, 47, 51, 73, 76, 81–5, 91, 92, 95, 109, 111, 113–16, 117, 119–20, 122, 124, 128–9, 131–4, 140–1, 147, 149–51, 162, 163, 173–4, 177, 179–80, 184–90, 193–4, 196, 199, 209–10;

see also particular place names

Gulf of Pagasae, 186

Persian,

A

,

E

, 96, 176

Saronic,

B

, 135

Thermaic,

B

, 92, 157

gymnasia, 33, 35–6, 163, 182

Haemus mountains, C, 197

Halicarnassus, C, 131

Halys river, A, C, 172

Harpalus, 11, 13, 18, 24, 37

Helios, 149

Helis, 187

Hellenism, hellenization, 32–6, 163, 165, 169, 182, 190

Hellespont, C, 5, 7, 26, 39, 58–9, 67, 82, 83, 93, 109, 120, 124, 174, 207

Hephaestion, 2–4, 11, 16, 17

Heraclea Pontica, C, 153, 172, 199

Heracles, 9, 21, 71, 89, 130–1, 133

Heracles (god), 8, 9, 192

Herodas, 55

Hindu Kush, E, 31, 104, 176

Homer, x, 33, 137, 144, 159, 204

Hyperides, 3, 39

Illyria, A, B, 116

Imbros, B, 116, 135

individualism, xii, 51–6, 86–8, 181–2, 191, 211

Iolaus, 3, 89

India, A, E, 1–2, 6–8, 16, 17, 24, 30, 31, 34, 63, 95, 103–4, 127, 155, 163

Indus river, A, E, 6, 7

Ipsus, battle of, C, 154–5, 161, 171–2, 174–5, 178, 184, 186, 195, 199, 201, 202, 207

Iran, Iranians, 6, 9, 57, 93, 98–102, 157, 177, 195

Isis, 192

Issus, battle of, C, 5, 14

Italy, 11, 86, 200, 208

Jason, 54, 191

Jews, 70, 136, 137

kingship, xii, 7–8, 12–15, 20, 22, 77, 129, 138, 143–6, 150, 157–70, 188–9, 205;