Imperfect, Elubuam, that was giving

Perfect, Eluuyeam, that was given

Pluperfect, Eluuyebuam, that had given

1st Future, Eluayam, that shall be given

2d Future, Eluuyeayam, that should be given

1st Mixed, Eluabuam, that had to give

2d Mixed, Eluuyeabuam, that should have to give

Imperative. Elupeam, let us give, &c.

Instead of the impersonal verb, the third person singular of the passive may be used impersonally, as in Latin. The verb may be made negative through its whole conjugation, by means of inserting the particle la in the indicative, qui in the imperative which then takes the termination of the subjunctive mood, and by means of no in the subjunctive and infinitive moods, as in the following examples.

Indicative, Elulan, I do not give, Elulaimi, thou doest not give

Imperative, Eluquili, let me not give, &c.

Subjunctive, Elunoli, if I do not give, &c.

Infinitive, Elunou, not to give, &c.

NUMERALS OF THE CHILESE LANGUAGE.

Cardinals.

1. Quigne

2. Epu

3. Cula

4. Meli

5. Quechu

6. Cayu

7. Relghe

8. Para

9. Aylla

10. Masi

11. Mari-guigne

12. Mari-epu. &c.

20. Epumari

21. Epumari quigne

30. Culamari

40. Melimari, &c.

100. Pataca

102. Pataca epu

200. Epupataca, &c.

1000. Huaranca

2000. Epuhuaranca

2003. Epuhuaranca cula, &c.

Ordinals.

Unen, Unelelu, Quignelelu, Quignegetu, Quignegentu, Quigmentu, once Epulelu, epugelu, epugentun, epuntu, twice, &c.55

Numeral Adverbs.

Quignechi, guignemel, quignemita, once

Epuchi, epumal, epumeta, twice, &c.

Distributives.

Calique, mallquigne, one by one

Epuque, mollepu, two by two, &c.

Numeral Verbs.

Quignen, to be one.

Quignelian, to join.

Epun, to be two; &c.

Abstracts.

Quignegen, unity.

Epugen, duality.

Culagen, trinity, &c.

Indefinites.

Quignelque, several.

Epulgen, about two.

Culalque, about three.

* * * * *

It has not been deemed necessary to repeat a great number of minute observations given by Molina on this singular language, nor to report the shades of difference in its dialects. But it has been thought proper to give a short list of words from the Moluches, a tribe inhabiting Patagonia, but speaking a nearly related dialect of the Chilese language with that of the Araucanians.

Vocabulary.

Autuigh, the sun, a day

P'llu, the soul or a spirit

Lonco, the head or the hair

Voso, the teeth or bones

Az, the face

N'ge, the eyes

Yu, the nose

Wun, or huun, the mouth

Gehuun, the tongue

Anca, the body

Pue, the belly

Cuugh, the hand

Namon, the foot

Pinque, the heart

P'nen, a child

Nahue, a daughter

Peni, a brother

Penihuen, own brothers

Con'n, to enter

Tipan, to go out

Cupaln, to bring

Entun, to take away

Huinca, a Spaniard

Seche, an Indian

Huenuy, a friend

Cainie, an enemy

Aseln, to be adverse

Aselgen, to hate

M'len, to be, to possess

Mongen, life to live

Mongetun, to revive

Swam, the will

Swamtun, to will

Pepi, power

Pepilan, to be able

Huincha, a head fillet

Makun, a mantle

Lancattu, glass beads

Cosque, bread

Ipe, food

In, or ipen to eat

Ilo, flesh

Ilon, to eat flesh

Putun, to drink

Putumum, a cup

Quimn, knowledge, to know

Quimeln, to learn

Quimelcan, to teach

Chilca, writing

Chilcan, to write

Sengu, a word, language, or a thing

Pangi, a lion

Choique, an ostrich

Achahual, a cock or hen

Malu, a large lizard

Huayqui, a lance

Huay-quitun, to lance

Chinu, a knife or sword

Chinogoscun, to wound

Chinogosquen, to be wounded

Conan, a soldier

Conangean, one who is to be a soldier

Cusa, a stone an egg

Saiguen, a flower

Milya, gold

Lien, silver

Cullyin, money payment

Cullingen, to be rich

Cum panilhue, red metal, copper

Chos panilhue, yellow metal, brass

Cunnubal, poor, miserable, an orphan

Amon, to walk

Anun, to sit

Anupeum, a stool or seat

Anunmahuun, to feel inwardly

Gepun, colour, painting

Poyquelhuun, to feel or perceive

Cuyem, Kiyem a mouth, the moon

Saman, a trade an artificer

Tissantu, a year

K'tal, fire

Asee, hot

Chosee, cold

Mamel, a tree

Mamel-Saman, a carpenter

Suca, a house

Sucu-Saman, a house builder

Atutuy, it is shivering cold.

The beginning of the Lord's Prayer.

Inchin in Chao, huenumenta m' leymi, ufchingepe mi wi;

(Our Father, in heaven thou that art, hallowed be thy name;)

eymi mi toguin inchinmo cupape; eymi mi piel, chumgechi

(thy kingdom to us may it come; thy will, as it is)

vemgey huenu-mapumo, vemgechi cay vemengepe

(done in heaven, so likewise may it be done)

tue-mapumo, &c.

(on earth, &c.)

The History of Chili and its inhabitants does not precede the middle of the fifteenth century, and what little is known respecting it is contained in the traditionary accounts of the Peruvians, who first invaded the northern province of Chili about the middle of that century, not an hundred years before the overthrow of the Peruvian empire by Pizarro, and the first Spanish invasion of Chili under Almagro.

About the year 1450, while the Inca Yupanqui reigned over the Peruvian empire which had then extended its limits from Cuzco northwards to the equator and southwards to the tropic of Capricorn, the ambition of the Peruvian government was attracted to the acquisition of the important country of Chili, a rich and delightful region of great extent, immediately adjacent to the southern extremity of Peru. Favoured by the fertility of the country and the salubrity of the climate, the population of Chili may be readily supposed to have then been considerable, as we know that the whole extent of its territory was occupied by fifteen independent tribes or communities, each of which was governed by its respective chiefs, or Ulmens. These, tribes, beginning at the north on the confines of the desert of Atacama, were called Copaipins, Coquimbans, Quillotans, Mapochians, Promaucians, Cures, Cauques, Pencones, Araucanians, Cunches, Chilotes, Chiquilanian, Pehuenches, Puelches, and Huilliches; which last tribe inhabited the south of Chili, adjoining the archipelago of Chiloe.