4.7. INDEFINITE PRONOUNS (THE) OTHER, (THE) OTHERS, ANOTHER

4.7.1. Study the following examples showing the use

of the pronouns (the) other, (the) others, another.

Some people like coffee, other people like tea. Some people like coffee, others like tea.

Why are von sitting here alone? Where are all the others?

Both of my brothers work. One of them is a driverand the other is an engineer.

Can I have another cup of tea?

Note 1: Another is derived from an other and is used, accordingly, with nouns in the singular only.

Note 2: Others and the others are used in the sentence as nouns.

4.7.2. Complete the following sentences with the pronouns other, others, the other, the others, another.

A. 1. I've got two sisters. One of them is a nurse,... is still a student. 2. Only two of us are here.... students have already left. 3. Her two sons were playing in the garden. She turned her eyes from one to ... . 4. There was ... pause. 5. This hat is too small for me. Can you give me ... one, a size bigger? 6. Alec whispered something from ... side of the table. 7. Some people like spring, ... prefer summer. 8. She went to the kitchen and came back with ... cup of tea. 9. I've brought two of the books you gave me. I'll bring ... books next Friday. 10. I'm not doing any English, I'm busy with ... things now. 11. Three parachutes opened one after.... 12. He entered the room and saw Mike and Martha sitting on the sofa. He looked first at one, then at.... 13. He wanted to get to ... side of the river. 14. I've lost my cigarette-lighter. I'll have to buy ... one now. 15. Some people are lazy. ... are energetic. Most people are a mixture of both. 16. Excuse me, waiter. Could you bring me ... fork? I dropped mine on the floor. 17. Only two countries in South America, Bolivia and Paraguay, are inland. All of... have coastlines. 18. Washington is one of the five states of the United States which borders on the Pacific Ocean. What are ... states? 19. I'll

finish the report soon. Give me ... twenty minutes and I'll be ready to go with you. 20. My sister has two children. One of them is five and ... is seven. 21. Some people like to take vacation in the mountains, ... prefer the seashore. 22. The Anderson twins are identical. They look alike, and they think alike. Sometimes when one begins a sentence, ... finishes it. 23. Scandinavia consists of four countries. One is Denmark, ... are Finland, Norway and Sweden. 24. The car I bought last year turned out to be a real disaster! I'll never buy... one of the same make. 25. Some babies begin talking as early as six months; ... babies don't speak until they are more than two years old. 26. Bob is no longer young. It's going to be difficult for him to find ... job. 27. There are several means of mass communication. The newspaper is one. Television is ....

B. At a Shop

Shop-assistant: Can I help you?

Customer: I'd like to buy some cassettes. What kinds do you have?

Shop-assistant: Well, we have two kinds. These play for 60 minutes, and ... play for 90 minutes.

Customer: Don't you have any... that play for 45 minutes?

Shop-assistant: Sorry, but we're out of those at the moment.

Customer: Oh, well. I'll take two of the 60-minute ones.

Shop-assistant: All right.

Customer: Wait a minute. I think I'll get... one, too.

Shop-assistant: So, you want three all together.

Customer: Right. By the way, is there ... music store around here? I really do need some 45-minute cassettes. Shop-assistant: Well, there are two ... in the neighbourhood. One is in Bond Street, and ... is in Uxbridge Street. Customer: Thanks.

4.8. PRONOUNS EACH/EVERY

4.8.1. Study the following examples.

/ asked every person in the room the same question.

Each person gave a different answer.

They spend a fortnight in the mountains almost

every year.

Each member of the team got a prize.

Each of us needed a good rest.

N о t e: We use every when we think of a whole group; we use each when we think of the members of a group separately, one at a time.

4.8.2. Choose the correct pronoun.

A. 1. They believe (every/each) word he says. 2.1 asked (everу/each) student in class, but none of them could answer my question. 3. The boys ate (every/each) cake on the plate. They didn't leave anything to the girls. 4. The match was very exciting and our team scored twice in (every/each) half. 5. (Every/Each) child at the party was given a present to take home. 6. (Every/Each) orange costs ten pence. 7.1 see Jack almost (every/each) day. 8. (Every/Each) of the children was given a piece of paper and a crayon. 9. (Every/Each) time I ask her about her brother she doesn't seem to know anything new. 10. What a wonderful movie! I enjoyed (every/each) minute of it. 11. I still see her (every/each) now and then. 12. (Each/Every) of the kids arriving for the first time is shown around the school. 13. (Each/Every) item of the programme ought to be carefully checked. 14. You'll have to apply the ointment (every/each) other day. 15. The airline takes (each/every) possible precaution to ensure the safety of its passengers.

В. The Miltons are all going on holiday this year. They have looked at... brochure in the travel agent's and they've decided to go to Portugal. They went to an island last year but ... beach they went to was filthy. Tom was sick ... day and Jane was bitten by insects on ... leg. ... time the twins went swimming they nearly drowned and Mary got an infection in ... ear when she wore the cheap earrings she bought in the market.

4.9. PRONOUNS ALL/WHOLE

4.9.1. Study the following examples.

All children should complete the primary course. All the students stopped talking. He soon lost all hope of becoming a professional tennis player.

I didn't see the whole film (all the film). 1 missed the first part. But: I finished all the coffee, (with uncountable nouns)

Compare the word order: the whole.../all the.... Before place names, the whole of is mainly used: the whole of Europe.

In some common time expressions, both whole and all are possible: the whole afternoon/night/week - all (the) afternoon/night/week; the whole time ~ all the time; mi-whole life - all my life.

4.9.2. Complete the sentences with the appropriate pronoun. Insert the where necessary.

1. Did you remember to switch off... lights? 2. Have you spent ... money I gave you? 3. The weather was terrible yesterday. We spent... day at home. 4. Did you understand information 1 gave you? 5. She was hiding in the room ... time. 6. Have you read ... book? 7. The fire destroyed ... building. 8. ... I've eaten today is a sandwich. 9. Do ... of your friends study English? 10. He didn't say where he was going. ... he said was that he was going away. 11. On Saturday Alan spent... day fixing his motorbike. 12. Nick has spent his ... life in Bristol but he wasn't born there.

4.10. DEFINING (RELATIVE) PRONOUNS WHO(M)/ WHOSE/WHICH/THAT